Fifth International Toxoplasma Conference

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS  

We appreciate the generous support of: 

• The Toxoplasmosis Research Institute
• The Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation
• The National Institutes of Health NIAID, Tropical Medicine Parasitology Program, (R13 Award Administered through the University of Chicago)
• The Burroughs Wellcome Fund
• Abbott Laboratories
• Bayer Pharmaceutical
• Pfizer Pharmaceuticals
• Merck Pharmaceuticals
• F. Hoffman-LaRoche, Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
• Lederle/Wyeth-Ayers Laboratories
• Anonymous

Jim Ajioka, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK 
James Alexander,  University of  Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K. 
William Angus, Department of Agriculture, Bethesda, MD, USA 
Fausto G. Araujo, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA 
Takashi Asai, Keio University School of Medicine, JAPAN 
Con Beckers, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA 
Jennie Blackwell, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, England, UK 
John Boothroyd, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA 
Daniel Bout, Faculty de Pharmacia, Tours, FRANCE 
Peter Bradley, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA 
Richard Brennan, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA 
Catriona Brunton, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas Hospital, London, England, UK 
Dominique Buzoni-Gatel, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA 
David J. Bzik, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH, USA 
Vernon B. Carruthers, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA 
Marie France Cesbron, Institut de Pasteur de Lille, Lille, FRANCE 
Jackie Channon, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA 
Hugues Charest, National Institutes of Health, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA 
John Coggins, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK 
Carmen Milagros Collazo-Custodio, National Institutes of Health, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA 
Tyler Curiel, Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 
Caroline Dando, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA, USA 
Marie Laure Darde, Hopital Dupuytren, Limoges, FRANCE 
Eric Denkers, Cornell University, Ithica, NY, USA 
Francis Derouin, Faculty de Medicine, University Paris, Paris, FRANCE 
Jean-Francois Dubremetz, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Lille, FRANCE 
Joel Ernst, Gladstone Institute , University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA 
Ashgar Fazaeli, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen,  Scotland, UK 
Jean Feagin, SBRI, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA 
David JP Ferguson, Oxford University, Oxford, UK 
Rafael Gozalbes, University Paris, Paris, FRANCE 
Michael Grigg, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA 
Sebastian Hakansson, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA 
Pascal Herion, Institute Inv. Biomedica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, MEXICO 
Alan Johnson, University of Technology, Sydney, AUSTRALIA 
Keith Joiner, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA 
Hoil Kang, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 
Lloyd Kasper, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA 
Anis A Khan, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 
Kami Kim, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 
Michael Kirisits, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 
Laura Knoll, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA 
Shuli Li, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA, USA 
Oliver Liesenfeld, Freie University Berlin, Berlin, GERMANY 
Carsten G.K. Luder, University Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, GERMANY 
Russell Lyons, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK 
Diane McFadden, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 
Rima McLeod, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 
Corrinne Mercier, Institut Pasteur de Lille, FRANCE 
Michael Milhausen, Heska Corporation, Fort Collins, CO, USA 
Silvia Moreno, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA 
Ernest Mui, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA 
Valerian Nakaar, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 
Henrik Vedel Nielsen, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DENMARK 
Victor Nussenzweig, New York University, New York, NY, USA 
Steve Parmley, Research Institute, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA, USA 
Marilyn Parsons, Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA 
Herve Pelloux, Faculty de Medicine, University Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, FRANCE 
Eskild Petersen, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, DENMARK 
Xuchu Que, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA 
Jay R. Radke, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA 
Sharon L. Reed, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA 
Craig Roberts, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK 
Fiona Roberts, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK 
David Roos, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 
Rafael Saavedra, Institute Inv. Biomedica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, MEXICO 
Ben Samuel, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA 
Birgit H. Satir, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 
Dick Schaap, Intervet International, THE NETHERLANDS 
Maria Schumacher, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA 
Joseph Schwartzman, Dartmouth-Hitchock Med Center, Hanover, NH, USA 
Frank Seeber, University of Marburg, Marburg, GERMANY 
David Sibley, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA 
Paul F. G. Sims, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester, England, UK 
Anthony Sinai, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 
Judith E. Smith, Leeds University, Leeds, UK 
Dominique Soldati, ZMBH, Zentrum fur Molekulare Biology der University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GERMANY 
Timothy T. Stedman, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA 
Boris Striepen, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA 
Carlos Subauste, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA 
Yasuhiro Suzuki, Stanford University,  Stanford, CA, USA 
Isabelle Tardieux, Institut Pasteur, Paris, FRANCE 
Stanislas Tomavo, CIBP, Institut Pasteur, Lille, FRANCE 
Buddy Ullman, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA 
Gary Ward, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA 
Louis Weiss, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA 
Michael White, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA 
RJM (Iain) Wilson, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, England, UK 
George S. Yap, National Institutes of Health, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA 

Sophie Lefebvere-Van Hende and Marie-France Cesbron-Delauw.  Contribution of the GRA5 and SAG1 5’untranslated regions to the level of gene expression in Toxoplasma. 

Laura Knoll and John Boothroyd.  Internal ribosome entry sequences and stage differentiation. 

R. J. M. (lain) Wilson, Anna law, Conrad Mullineaus, Elizabeth Hirst & Jose Saldanha.  Bacterial homologues clarify the function of the malarial plastid gene ORF470 (ycf 24). 

Valerian Nakaar, Benjamin U. Samuel, Emily O. Ngo and Keith A. Joiner.  Analysis of gene function and biological selection using antisense RNA in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Kami Kim, Laura Kirkman, Jianzhong Tang, and Louis M. Weiss.  Cyclic Nucleotide Signaling in Bradyzoite Formation. 

10:30-12:30 AM SESSION 2 Co-Chairs:  J. Blackwell/L.Weiss 

Catherine Toursel and Stanislas Tomavo.   Developmental regulation of the mitochondrial chaperone hsp 60 of Toxoplasma gondii. 

Louis M. Weiss, Kami Kim, Yi Wei Zhang, Yang Fen Ma.  The identification and characterization of a putative heat shock element (HSE) in the Toxoplasma gondii hsp70 gene. 

Michael White, Jay Radke, Michael Guerini, and Maria Jerome.  Defining the cell cycle of the toxoplasma tachyzoite. 

Asghar Fazaeli, P. E. Carter and T. H. Pennington.  Sequence Polymorphism Analysis of Coding Region of GRA6 Antigen gene in Thirty Strains of Toxoplasma gondii. 

M. Johnson, K. W. Broady and A. M. Johnson.  Differential recognition of Toxoplasma gondii recombinant NTPase isoforms by naturally infected human sera. 

David S. Roos, Michael J. Crawford, Robert G.K. Donald, Cynthia Y. He, Jessica C. Kissinger, Leszek J. Klimczak, and Boris Striepen.  What is the apicoplast?  Where does it come from?  What does it do? 

1:30-4:00 PM OPEN DISCUSSIONS 

4:00-6:00 PM AFTERNOON SESSION (2-slides) Co-Chairs:  J. Boothroyd/MF Cesbron  

Jim Ajioka.  Preliminary genome map of Toxoplasma gondii (RH). 

Florence Dzierszinski, Bilel Yahiaoui, Annie Bernigaud, Christian Slomianny, Daniell Camus and  Stanislas Tomavo.  Isolation and characterization of a subtractive library enriched for developmentally regulated transcripts expressed during encystation of Toxoplasma gondii. 

Barbara A. Fox, Alexia A. Belperron, and David J. Bzik.  Gene Knock-outs and allelic replacements in Toxoplasma gondii:  Improved selectable markers for the investigation. 

7:30-9:00 PM POSTERS Co-Chairs J. Ajioka/J. Blackwell/D. Bzik/S. Tomavo/I. Wilson/M. Darde/F. Seeber  

Shuli Li, Fausto Araujo, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Jack Remington, and Stephen Parmley.  Serodiagnosis of recently acquired T. gondii infection using ELISA with recombinant antigens. 

QueX. and Reed S. L.  Molecular characterization and inhibition of expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Karin Seron, Florence Dzierszinski and Stanislas Tomavo.  Developmentally regulated expression of phosphatidylinositol synthase homologs in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Laure M. Darde, Daniel Ajzenberg.  Microsatellites and polymorphism in a toxoplasma population 

Michael Milhausen, Feng Xiaochuan, Susan Bektesh, Julie Archer, Ray Ng, Pam Hair, Adam  Rush,  Shumin Yang, Claire Huang, and Scott Walmsley.  Identification and cloning of Toxoplasma gondii genes expressed in the cat gut using cat immune antibodies and RNA from infected cat intestines. 

C. Beckers.  Cytoplasmic calcium concentration in the parasite plays a central role in regulating the events that occur between the time of escape from the old host cell and entry into the new host cell. 

Vera B. Carruthers, N.J. Sylvia N.J. Moreno and L.David. Sibley.  Intracellular calcium regulates micronemic discharge in T. gondii. 

Sebastian Hakansson and David Sibley.  On the making of the parasitophorous vacuole of Toxoplasma gondii. 

C. Hettmann, A. Herm, A. Sanger, C. Trousel, S. Tomavo, J. Ajioka and D. Soldati.  Unconventional myosins in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Oliver Poupel and I. Tardieux.  Actin dynamics in the protozoan apicomplexa Toxoplasma gondii: the role of toxactin, a novel actin binding protein. 

J. Schwartzman.  Parasite egress. 

10:30-12:30 AM SESSION (2)  Co-Chairs J. Schwartzmann/D. Soldati/G. Ward 

K. Joiner, H. Hoppe, V. Karsten, A. Liendo, H. Ngo, T. Stedman and M. Yang.   Protein targeting with the T. gondii secretory and endocytic pathways. 

C. Mercier, J.F. Dubremetz, L.D. Sibley and M.F. Cesbron-Delauw. The dense granule protein GRA2 plays a key role in the formation of the parasitophorous vacuole network. 

Anthony B. Sinai and Keith A. Joiner.  Subversion of the host mitochondrial import machinery by the PVM localizing protein ROP2 as a mechanism of T. gondii PVM-mitrochondrial association. 

Boris Striepen, Kristin Hager, Dominique Soldati, Jean-Francois Dubremetz and David S. Roos.  Targeting of secretory organelles in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Gary Ward.  Surface proteins of the Toxoplasma tachyzoite. 

D.J.P. Ferguson.  Comparison of the host parasite relationship between the enteric (coccidian) and exoenteric forms of Toxoplasma gondii. 

1:30-4:00 PM OPEN DISCUSSIONS 

4:00-6:00 PM AFTERNOON SESSION (2-slides) Co-Chairs JF Dubremetz/K. Joiner 

Peter J. Bradley and John C. Boothroyd.  The rhoptries are specialized secretory organelles that function during host cell invasion in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Jacqueline Channon. The response of human neutrophils to Toxoplasma gondii in vitro. 

 Sean Robinson, Paul A. Millner & Judith E. Smith.  Application of combinatorial phage display technology to investigate proteins involved in Toxoplasma gondii host cell attachment. 

 S. Brecht, M. Reiss, C. Trousel, J. Ajioka and D. Soldati.   Toxoplasma gondii microneme proteins: How many is enough? 

Kami Kim, Steve Miller and Michael Blackman.  The role of proteases in invasion by Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites. 

Dominique Soldati.  An aspartyl proteinase of Eimeria acervulina localizes at the plasma membrane of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites most likely attached via a GPI anchor. 

Kai Matuschewski,  Alvaro Nunes, Victor Nussenzweig and Robert Menard.  In vivo analysis of the extracellular domains of TRAP/SSP2 OF Plasmodium berghei sporozoites. 

7:30-9:00 PM  POSTERS Co-Chairs V. Carruthers/C. Beckers 

Christopher Hagen, Jean Feagin and Marilyn Parsons.   Protein targeting to the T. gondii plastid. 

Birgit H. Satir, Steen H. Matthiesen and Kami Kim.  Is parafusin involved in T. gondii exocytosis? 

Naomi Rebuck, Paul A. Millner and Judith E. Smith.  Nitric oxide induces stage conversion in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Joel Ernst, Li-Min Ting, Sabine Novak, and Robert V. Farese, Jr.  Host cell acylcoa:  cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity is essential for replication of T. gondii. 
 

David Ferguson.  (Tribute to Bill Hutchison) 

R. E. Lyons, F. Roberts, J.J. Johnson, T. Krell, J.R. Coggins, G.H. Coombs, D.J. P. Ferguson, M.J. Kirisits, B. Samuels, R. McLeod, and C.W. Roberts.  The shikimate pathway in Toxoplasma gondii. 

John Coggins.  Just one pill for every ill?  The shikimate pathway enzymes as targets for anti-microbial and anti-parasitic drugs. 

Maria Schumacher.  Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase. 

Richard G. Brennan.  Adenosine kinase. 

Silvia Moreno.  Further characterization of acidocalcisomes in Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. 

Diane C. McFadden and John C. Boothroyd.  Qo domain mutations in Toxoxoplasma’s cytochrome b gene are associated with atovaquone-resistance. 

10:30-12:30 AM SESSION 2 Co-Chairs F. Derouin/T. Asai 

Paul F.G. Sims, Tanya V. Pashley, John E. Hyde, Edward Guy and David H.M. Joynson.  Sequence polymorphisms within the dhps and dhfr genes of Toxoplasma gondii. 

Timothy T. Stedman and Keith A. Joiner.  Rab6 and NSF: potential mediators of intra-Golgi trafficking in Toxoplasma gondii. 

Xuchu Que, K. Hirata, D.S. Herdman, S.L. Reed.  Cathepsin B of Toxoplasma gondii. 

Anis A. Khan, Fausto G. Araujo, Katherine E. Brighty, Thomas D. Gootz, and Jack S. Remington. Structure-activity relationships of analogs of trovafloxacin against T. gondii. 

1:30-4:00 PM OPEN DISCUSSIONS 

4:00-6:00 AFTERNOON SESSION (2-slides) Co-Chairs J. Coggins/B. Ullman 

 Buddy Ullman.  Selected topics in Biochemistry. 

 John Coggins.  The shikimate  pathway and its inhibition. 

 Rafael Gozalbes, Monique Brun-Pascaud, Pierre-Marie Girard, Ramon Garcia-Domenech, Jean-Pierre Doucet and Francis Derouin.  Drug design strategy for identification of new drugs effective against Toxoplasma gondii. 

Jean Feagin.  Genes for mitochondrial functions. 

Ernest Mui, Benjamin Samuel, Douglas Mack, Craig Roberts, Constance Pope, Fiona Roberts, Dick Trelease, Wilbur Milhous, Dennis Kyle, Saul Tzipori, and Rima McLeod.  Evidence for the presence off a glyoxylate cycle in Toxoplasma gondii - a possible role in differentiation? 

Caroline Dando, Xiulan Zhou, and Stephen Parmley.   Enzymatic properties of two developmentally regulated isoforms of LDH from T. gondii. 

7:30-9:00 PM POSTERS:  BIOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOGENESIS, IMMUNE REGULATION, AND PROTECTION.  Co-Chairs P. Sims/T. Asai/F. Derouin/ R. Lyons; F. Roberts/J. Channon/I.Khan/M. Kirisits/D.  Buzoni-Gatel/O. Liesenfeld/E. Petersen 

Takashi Asai, Kyoko Nakajima, Asao Makioka, Tsutomu Takeuchi, and LD Sibley.  Evaluation of serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis using the recombinant antigens, NTPase. 

Arno Vermeulen and Dick Schaap.  LDH in Eimeria, a target for vaccination. 

Brunet, Y. van Gessel, A. Alcaraz, S.K. Bliss, E.J. Pearce, and E.Y. Denkers.  Toxoplasma gondii and Schistosoma mansoni synergize to promote catastrophic liver disease associated with immune system dysfunction and early death in C57BL/6 mice. 

A.J. Marshall, S.K. Bliss, and E.Y. Denkers.  Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes produce IL-12, TNF-alpha, and the chemokines MIP-alpha and MIP-1 beta in response to Toxoplasma gondii. 

Michael J. Kirisits, Michael Grigg, John Boothroyd, and Rima McLeod.  Studies on the specificity of CTL from ts-4 immunized mice. 

M.B. Nickel, F. Roberts, J. Alexander and C.W. Roberts.  The role of IL-5 in toxoplasmosis. 

J.J. Johnson, C. Roberts, Fiona Roberts, Conny Pope, Mike Kirisits, T. Krieger, C. Brown, J. Forman, and R. McLeod.  Ld mediated-effector mechanisms in protection against toxoplasmosis. 

Henrik Vedel Nielsen, Anders Fomsgaard and Eskild Petersen.  Genetic immunization against Toxoplasma gondii. 

Jay Radke, Michael White and Maria Jerome.  Expression of herpes simplex thymidine kinase in tachyzoites of T. gondii attenuates virulence in mice. 

C.M. Collazo, C. Miller, G. Yap, and A. Sher.  Host resistance and immune  deviation in pigeon cytochrome C TCR transgenic mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii. 

C.L. Brunton, G.R. Wallace, and M.R. Stanford.  Cytokine mediated inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii replication within rat retinal vascular endothelial cells. 

(Carsten Luder presenting) - Uwe Gross, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Thomas Herrmann, Didier Deslee, Philip Sutton, and Marie-France Cesbron-Delauw.  Rat toxoplasmosis as a model to study host-parasite interplay. 

C.W. Angus, J.P. Dubey, D. Klivington, and J.A. Kovacs.  Nucleic acid vaccination against toxoplasmosis in mice and rats. 

C. Pina, R. Saavedra, P and P. Herion.  A quantitative competitive PCR method to determine  parasite load in the brain of Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice. 

Florentiana Marches, Jozef Borvak, Karolina Palucka, Jacques Banchereau, and Tyler  Curiel. Toxoplasma-infected dendritic cells (DC) inhibit T cell proliferation. 

M.P. Brenier-Pinchart, H. Pelloux and P. Ambroise-Thomas.  Toxoplasma gondii-induced monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion by human fibroblasts in vitro. 

Michael Grigg and John Boothroyd.  Toxoplasma gondii SAG1 superfamily:  role in regulating host immunity? 

Tatjana Emde, Stefanie Bockenhoff , and Frank Seeber.  Analysis of the MHC Class I presentation pathway in cells infected with T. gondii. 
 

IV  PATHOGENESIS, IMMUNE REGULATION AND PROTECTION 
8:35-10:15 AM SESSION 1  Co-Chairs:  D. Bout/D. Ferguson 

J. Caamano, K. Speirs, J. Alexander and C.A. Hunter.  RE1B is required for the production of IFN-a after infection whereas NF-_KB₂ appears to be involved in the maintenance of the immune response to this parasite. 

Dominique Buzoni-Gatel, Hajer Debbi, Valentina Martin, Daniel Bout and Lloyd Kasper.  Intraepithelial lymphocytes. 

Fiona Roberts, Marilyn Mets, David Ferguson, Richard O’Grady, Carol O’Grady, Phillippe Thulliez, Jack Frenkel,  Antoine Brezin, and Rima McLeod.  The histopathological features of ocular toxoplasmosis in the fetus and infant. 

L. Kasper, M Hu, J. Schwartzmann, H. Debbabi.  Role of CD8 T cells in  ocular toxoplasmosis. 

S.K. Bliss, Y. Zhang, and E.Y. Denkers.   Murine Neutrophils are a source of high level, IFN-gamma Independent IL-12 during Toxoplasma gondii infection. 

10:30-12:30 AM SESSION 2  Co-Chairs P. Heroin/Y. Suzuki/E. Denkers 

Yasuhiro Suzuki, George Yap, Alan Sher, Daniel Park, Oliver Liesenfeld, Lauri Ellis Neyer, and Hoil Kang.  IL-10 is required for prevention of necrosis in the small intesting and mortality in C57BL/6 mice following sublethal peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. 

Rafael Saavedra, Rosario Leyva, Luis Gerardo Molina and Pascal Herion.  Immunization against toxoplasmosis using plasmid DNA coding for the ROP2 protein of Toxoplasma gondii. 

C. Subauste and M. Wessendary.  CD40-CD40 ligand interaction during the immune response to Toxoplasma gondii. 

George S. Yap and Alan Sher.  Effector cells of both non-hemopoietic and hemopoietic  origin are required for IFN-g and TNF-a dependent host resistance to the intracellular pathogen, Toxoplasma gondii. 

Jennie Blackwell.  Nramp1 - influence on toxoplasmosis? 

1:30-4:00 PM OPEN DISCUSSIONS 

4:00-6:00 PM AFTERNOON SESSION (2 slides) Co-Chairs J. Alexander/L. Kasper 

Carsten G.K. Luder, Barbara Beuerle, Wolfgang Walter, Uwe Gross.  Toxoplasma gondii down-regulates expression of MHC class II molecules in murine macrophages and interferes with antigen presentation to CD4+ T cells. 

H. Charest, M.Sedegah, G. Yap, P. Caspar, S.L. Hoffman, and A. Sher.  Th1 biased immune responses against malaria circumsporozoite protein induced by stably transfected Toxoplasma gondii avirulent lines. 

C.W. Roberts, F. Roberts, J-P Anthony, D.J.P. Ferguson, J.Alexander, and R. McLeod.  Inhibition of nitric oxide exacerbates chronic ocular toxoplasmosis. 

Oliver Liesenfeld, Thus A. Nguyen, Chandan V. Parkhe, Hoil Kang, Hisami Watanabe, Toru Abo, Alan Sher, Jack S. Remington, and Yasuhiro Suzuki.  TNF-a, Nitric Oxide and IFN-g are all critical for development of necrosis in the small intestine of genetically susceptible mice infected perorally with Toxoplasma gondii. 

Hoil Kang, Jack Remington, and Yasuhiro Suzuki.  Adoptive transfer of immune spleen cells prevents development of toxoplasmic encephalitis in nude mice but not in IFN-g deficient mice. 

D. Bout.  Splenic and intestinal dendritic cells pulsed in vitro with Toxoplasma gondii antigens induce protective immunity in vivo. 

DINNER, CLOSING COMMENTS:   David Roos, Possibilities for a Toxoplasma Genome Project, and Oliver Liesenfeld presents the band "Toxoplasma!"
8:00-10:00 RECEPTION 

Maps 

Marconi Conference Center, 18500 Highway 1 (phone 415-662-9020): 
From San Francisco:  North across the Golden Gate Bridge and continue north on Highway 101 past San Rafael. 
Take Highway 101 North.  Exit at Lucas Valley Road.  Go left (west) on Lucas Valley Road to end (about 10 miles).  Turn right (north) on Nicasio Valley Road:  Continue about 4 miles to end.  Turn left (west) on Petaluma/Point Reyes  Road:  at stop sign, turn right (north) across bridge and continue to end of Petaluma/Point Reyes  Road (about 6 miles).  Turn right (north) on Highway 1 (Shoreline Highway).  Follow Highway 1 about 7.5 miles to Marconi on the right. 

For a map to the Conference Center, please click here. 
 

Coyote Point Museum, 1651 Coyote Point Drive, San Mateo, CA (phone: 650-340-7581): 
Directions from Airport: 
There is a lot of construction going on at the Airport at this time.  It is best to ask the taxi driver if he/she knows the back way if not they will know how to take the freeway to the Museum.  When you get to Coyote Point Drive, take a left and you will be about 1/8 of a mile to the entrance of the County Park.  Follow signs to the museum. 

Traveling Southbound on 101: 
Take Poplar Avenue exit.  At the first stoplight turn right onto Humboldt.  Then turn right or to Peninsula Avenue.  Go over the highway and, following the signs for Coyote Point Drive, make an immediate left onto N. Bayshore.  Make another left just as you see the golf course.  At the stop sign follow the signs into Coyote Point Recreation Area and the Museum.  Tell them at the gate you are part of the "Toxo Meeting Group" 

For a map to Coyote Point Museum, please click here. 
 
 
 

Co-Organizers: 
Rima McLeod 
David Roos 
David Sibley 

 

Point Reyes Peninsula near Marshall, California, Spring 1998